PMDA · MHRA
Deficiency examples
GMP inspection findings published by Japan's PMDA and the UK MHRA. See selected examples by work area, or open each agency's full list and the clause counts.
Examples by area
Pick an area to see representative findings and their sources. Use them as lines for your own checklist.
PMDA Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency, JapanMHRA Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency, UK
- Data integrity6
- Aseptic processing and sterility assurance6
- Regulatory reporting and change control6
- Computer system validation6
- Deviation, CAPA, and investigation6
- Documentation and records6
- Laboratory and QC controls6
- Cleaning validation6
- Contamination control6
- Environmental monitoring5
- Material and supplier control6
- Complaint and recall handling6
- Training and personnel6
- Stability and storage6
- Equipment and facility6
- Quality unit oversight6
- Process validation5
Data integrity
MHRA
Data integrity assessments were focused on system compliance and failed to consider the impact of business processes on the integrity of data, for example manual transfer of data between electronic systems.
MHRA
The investigation relating to a data integrity failure, whereby fictitious utility monitoring data was recorded, lacked sufficient detail to demonstrate whether willful intent was suspected.
MHRA
Setting within HPLC software not fully enabled e.g. audit trail
3 more
MHRA
Analyst had access to delete data
MHRA
Users were permitted to change the default audit trail.
MHRA
Electronic data not used to check analytical results
Aseptic processing and sterility assurance
MHRA
There were no settle plates located close to the point of fill to provide adequate assurance during exposure periods that EU GMP Annex 1 grade A limits were being met
MHRA
The continuous particle monitoring sample points were located too high in relation to the relevant work zones to provide meaningful data to demonstrate that EU GMP Annex 1 requirements were being met
MHRA
The wipes used for sanitisation did not appear to be wetted sufficiently as only the area in the centre appeared to be wet rather than the whole area to ensure effective surface coverage.
3 more
MHRA
Operators wore outdoor clothes under aseptic gowns in the Grade B zone.
MHRA
While donning sterile gloves prior to entering a grade B area an operator was observed touching the outside of sterile gloves on several occasions.
MHRA
The media fill and process validation studies did not capture the full complexity of the aseptic manufacturing processes used and therefore did not closely imitate the production process and were not representative of worst case.
Regulatory reporting and change control
PMDA
The inspected site did not have a procedure for informing marketing authorization holder when a change having impact to the product quality is implemented.
MHRA
Changes were implemented outside of the company’s Change Control procedure.
MHRA
There is no definition of which moderate level change controls would require a risk assessment and regulatory affairs review and which would not.
3 more
MHRA
There is no post implementation review of the effectiveness of change control actions.
MHRA
Change controls were raised after projects were initiated
MHRA
No consideration was given to informing the competent authority (via the Defective Medicines Reporting Centre) of the potential risk of defective product being on the market.
Computer system validation
MHRA
Access to files and the system clock on the hard drive were available to all users.
MHRA
The lock screen used a shared password. If a user had logged into the software behind the lock screen and another user opened the computer, they could perform actions under the initial user’s login.
MHRA
Users had more authorisation on the chromatography data system than was permitted according to the SOP.
3 more
MHRA
Following a software update, data was lost from an autoclave control system. The system backup was unable to recover lost data as the backup was only performed on a 3 monthly basis.
MHRA
Backups were permitted to be made on the same computer drive which failed to ensure that a separate copy was available following drive failure or corruption.
MHRA
The clock used for determining time/date for the HPLC software could be adjusted therefore allowing the option to alter the true time and date in the printed paper records
Deviation, CAPA, and investigation
MHRA
Deviation reports did not contain sufficient information to describe the investigations conducted or demonstrate the evidence that supported the proposed root cause.
MHRA
There was no requirement to ensure that process, procedural or systems based errors had not been overlooked prior to identifying ‘Personnel Error’ as a root cause.
MHRA
At least 8 overdue CAPA (ranging from 59 days to 242 days overdue) were observed to have been closed the day before the inspection.
3 more
MHRA
There was no procedural requirement to consider if the deviation had occurred previously.
MHRA
There was no requirement to identify the impact of the deviation on the batch.
MHRA
Cleaning failures identified at visual inspection by the second production inspector were not logged as deviations or similar to allow trending.
Documentation and records
MHRA
There were no log books in place for each compounding workstation to ensure traceability of operations.
PMDA
However, the inspection found that a wide range of records had been discarded, including X records of QC, X records of X of X, and usage records of X and X.
MHRA
Non-contemporaneous recording was noted during placebo manufacture as the date completed for the process step on the batch production record had already been entered before that process step had actually been completed.
3 more
MHRA
Overwriting of hand recorded data and lack of adequate explanation for changes
MHRA
Inappropriate changes made by obscuring data via fixing stickers over entries to amend the data recorded
MHRA
Records were partially burnt or in waste bags awaiting destruction at the rear of the site
Laboratory and QC controls
PMDA
The procedure for handling OOS events does not necessarily require root cause analysis nor implementation of CAPA, even no laboratory error or sampling error was identified in the initial phase investigation.
PMDA
Reconciliation and related records of working standards used for product release test, including use date, used amount are not recorded.
MHRA
There was no justification for the twelve month expiry assigned to reagents.
3 more
MHRA
An OOS result was averaged with two in-spec results to generate a passing result.
PMDA
Sampling records of samples for product release test were not prepared.
PMDA
The critical raw materials and packaging/labeling materials to be kept as reference samples were not evaluated.
Cleaning validation
MHRA
Permitted limits for carryover of organic molecules have not been set or adequately risk assessed
MHRA
Swab samples have not been taken, in particular no swabs have been taken from difficult to clean areas where other methods or determining residues may not be effective
MHRA
No cleaning validation had been performed on the dispensing isolator.
3 more
MHRA
There was no cleaning validation for the non-dedicated sampling tools.
MHRA
There was no confirmation that the cleaning methods would remove detergent residues
MHRA
The effectiveness of sprayballs used for vessel cleaning have not been demonstrated or adequately controlled
Contamination control
MHRA
A jug of cleaning liquid with a used cloth was found sitting on the capsule polishing unit that had been signed off as clean.
MHRA
The automated tablet counter and tablet counting trays, which were used for multiple products, had not been considered as part of the cross contamination risk assessment
MHRA
Sanitisation contact times were not being monitored and the five minutes contact time for the sporicide was not as defined by the sanitising agent manufacturer or validated by the Company.
3 more
MHRA
There was no data to show that the cleaning of the mist shower was effective in removing any residual contamination.
MHRA
There were cracks in the vinyl around the mist shower drain. This would create a trap point which could cause the accumulation of chemical and microbial contamination.
MHRA
There was no written instruction on rules of use of cleaning bays to ensure the risk of cross contamination between cleaned and un-cleaned items was controlled.
Environmental monitoring
MHRA
The clean room was only monitored after cleaning. There was no periodic monitoring before cleaning to monitor for potential microbial changes or for the continuing effectiveness of cleaning
MHRA
Not all phases of production were subject to microbial monitoring, e.g. activities with no cellular product present such as preparation of equipment, which has a similar potential for contamination of product
MHRA
The management review process was deficient, for example, the meeting minutes stated that all environmental monitoring results were satisfactory; despite there being an obvious adverse trend increase in clean room environmental monitoring results.
2 more
MHRA
Organisms associated with the continued environmental failures were only identified to genus level and not to species level with Staphylococcus and Bacillus commonly reported
MHRA
There were no settle plates located in the zone where samples were taken for IPC weight checks
Material and supplier control
MHRA
Procedures did not describe the basis for accepting an audit report prepared by a third party.
MHRA
The approved supplier list does not include the address of the manufacturer. The site is therefore unable to confirm that the material is received from both the correct supplier and manufacturer.
MHRA
Only the top layer of large dry powder chemical drums was being sampled so this material was not representative of the bulk material.
3 more
MHRA
There was no procedure in place for the management of critical service suppliers and there was no mechanism in place to enable the qualification and monitoring of supplier performance.
MHRA
The technical agreement between Company A and Company B was insufficiently detailed. It only contained a series of bullet points covering Company B’s activities, and did not describe the responsibilities of Company A.
PMDA
During the acceptance of the drug substance, the manufacturing site only checked the COA issued by the manufacturing site of the drug substance for each lot and did not judge whether it was acceptable or not.
Complaint and recall handling
MHRA
Inadequate investigation was performed on site. For example, not reviewing manufacturing and other data available and also not considering the wider implications of the complaint on other batches.
MHRA
The recall procedure did not define maximum timelines for key steps to ensure the recall process was completed in a timely fashion.
MHRA
The mock recall challenge was not completed in a timely manner and no final formal assessment report was generated.
3 more
MHRA
There was no consideration of whether the complaint referred to a falsified medicine.
MHRA
There is no procedural instruction to ensure that any in-house stocks of product potentially affected by a recall are quarantined.
MHRA
No written recall correspondence with customers
Training and personnel
MHRA
Personnel had no documented training in the procedures or systems
MHRA
Although comprehension questions were asked at the end of each module, there was no clearly defined pass mark therefore it could not be confirmed that the personnel understood the training
MHRA
There was no system for confirming that all personnel that required training had been trained.
3 more
MHRA
The training record of production operator did not show they were trained in the operation of the isolator despite being signed off for aseptic manufacturing.
MHRA
The production operative was signed off as trained in raw material assessment based on read and understand questionnaire with no practical assessment.
MHRA
There was no procedures that describe the training and competency assessment required for company auditors.
Stability and storage
MHRA
There was no confirmation that the ongoing stability studies showed no adverse trends and would be expected to remain within specification for the proposed shelf life.
MHRA
There had been numerous stability failures (including pre- shelf life expiry) identified but these had not been formally assessed by the QPs or the impact on continued certification considered.
MHRA
The contract manufacturer did not notify the stability failures to the Marketing Authorisation Holders.
3 more
MHRA
An OOS result on appearance was reported at 30 month time point. No action was taken while there were products potentially available in the market
MHRA
Capsule shells are not stored at the manufacturer’s recommended humidity conditions (35 - 65%RH) in the warehouse.
MHRA
Arrangements for temperature monitoring of air shipments did not justify why data loggers were not required in every pallet.
Equipment and facility
PMDA
Multiple scratches resulting from abrasion were found on the internal part of the mill.
MHRA
There was no demarcation between clean and dirty sides of the change room entering the formulation area.
MHRA
The door seal on the coating machine was not intact and had sections missing.
3 more
MHRA
There was no drawing showing the pressure cascades within the facilities available.
MHRA
There were no predetermined acceptance criteria documented for the external calibration activities including the warehouse temperature and humidity probes and the purified water flow meter.
MHRA
Areas of the facility and equipment were in a poor state of repair, e.g. damaged filter panel covers in the drying tunnel and damaged vents
Quality unit oversight
MHRA
There was no formal Management review process.
PMDA
Though the executive management mention lack of human resources in the report of management review, and continuously took actions to retain personnel, those actions did not result in resolution of lack of resources.
MHRA
The management team was not seen to be reacting effectively to poor key performance indicators.
3 more
MHRA
There was no formal system for the review, assessment and where appropriate, implementation of EU GMP updates.
MHRA
The QP did not ensure that he had current knowledge of the company PQS.
PMDA
The release procedure of this site permit distribution of the inspected API product from this site before completion of necessary steps of batch release (under quarantine), and actually the API was distributed from this site before completion of batch record review.
Process validation
MHRA
Batch processing parameter ranges were not always supported by process validation data, for example the coating flow rate and the granulation chopper speed.
MHRA
There is no clear indication in the process validation protocol that validation batches are predefined as potentially releasable for commercial sale.
MHRA
There was no routine re-validation of manufacturing processes.
2 more
MHRA
It could not be confirmed that the validated manufacturing process was routinely achieved, as the mixer in manufacturing room 5 was not calibrated and the speed was not routinely verified.
PMDA
Production of an additional lot X was started in spite of the cause of the deviation (X was out of control value) in the third lot X occurred during the manufacturing process validation of X, which is one of the drug substances used in X Injection, had not been fully investigated.
All deficiencies
Above are selected examples by area. All 12,093 rows of the agencies' published data can be searched verbatim on these pages.
Sentences are quoted from English material published by the regulators; long ones are cut to the first sentence. The Korean edition adds GRM's reference translation; the English original governs. PMDA years are Japanese fiscal years (FY2025 = April 2025 to March 2026), and company names are already redacted in the source. Area labels map the agency's own category or EU GMP chapter onto GRM's categories, so they may differ from the agency's own view. These are quotations from public documents, not legal judgments. Selected as of 2026-11-09.